Environmental Impact of Common Swine Fattening in the Outskirts
Abstract
A 2011-2012 study was carried out in the outskirts of Camagüey city to evaluate environmental impact of common swine fattening. Answers to an inquiry applied to 106 swine private breeders served the purpose of collecting information about four fields of analysis: physical-chemical, biological-ecological, socio-cultural, and economic-operational ones. Swine breeders were distributed into three cases, i.e., sustainable, common, and negative. Evaluation of the four fields of analysis and the three cases of breeders was performed by the Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) method. Negative environmental impacts were focused on the absence of biogas plants leading to a failure not only in animal solid wastes management and discarding, but also in using already biodegraded residues as biofertilizers. Non-production of biogas as an alternative source of energy was evident, thus. Besides, breeders´ lack of training of training, no grains growth for swine feeding, non-incineration of swine corpses, and absent or neglected food storing facilities also contributed to the environmental negative impact. Moreover, corpses disposal and conditions of food storing facilities were translated into vectors proliferation and, hence, diseases appearance.
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