TY - JOUR AU - Redimio Pedraza Olivera AU - Verónica Rivera Guerra AU - Jorge Velasco AU - R. Jara AU - Raúl Guapi PY - 2017/06/07 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - Sustainability of Cow Milk Production Units in Marcos Espines Jurisdiction, Tungurahua-Ecuador. JF - Revista de Producción Animal JA - RPA VL - 27 IS - 2 SE - Manejo y Alimentación DO - UR - https://revistas.reduc.edu.cu, revistas.reduc.edu.cu/index.php/rpa/article/view/1333 AB - Physical and productive indicators were assessed in 70 cattle dairies (CaDa), along with the technical, environ-mental, economic and social  sustainability indicators of 10 CaDa in Marcos Espinel jurisdiction, Píllaro Canton, Tungurahua-Ecuador, and the dynamic behavior of these indicators for 10 years in a case CaDa. The CaDas averaged 150 l of milk/day, with animal production of 15 l of milk/day, stocking rate over two animals/ha  and herd made of 20-25 animals. Chemical fertilizers were widely used in the pasture lands; commercial supplements were used as well. The labor  costs were high; everything was associated to cost increases in milk production and a decrease in farm cost-effect indicators. The technical, social, and economic sustainability indicators accounted for 100 % im-pairment in the units; the environmental indicators revealed  positive values. However, the rate of special sustainable cattle raising indicated unsustainability for all the case CaDas.  The dynamic behavior of sustainability in the case CaDa  showed positive values  for some indicators, such as energy efficiency; and impairment of others,  such as economic sustainability. The study concluded that the CaDa had a generally unsustainable behavior. ER -