Analysis of Secondary Metabolites from Leaf Powder of Origanum vulgare and Ficus pandurata
Resumen
Background: Additives from plants are considered an alternative to antibiotics due to their safety and null residual effects. The secondary metabolites in the leaf powder of Origanum vulgare (oregano) and Ficus pandurata were analyzed.
Methods: The experiment was done at the Center for Studies of Applied Chemistry, at the Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Granma, Cuba. The leaves from both plants were collected, taking into account the variations in sizes and structure. The organic compounds were determined in the alcoholic and aqueous extracts due to their solubility in these solvents. The crossing technique was used for qualification of secondary metabolites.
Results: The use of tannin-rich powders decreased the incidence of diarrhea, and benefited production, due to their anti-inflammatory and astringent properties, and vasoconstrictive effects. It also showed antioxidant and anti bacterial activity against strains of enterobacteria. The detected cumarins acted as powerful anticoagulants and bactericides, whereas the flavonoids increased nutrient digestibility, the organic function of the body, and the antioxidant capacity. Besides, they modified the synthesis of eicosanoids. The anthocyanidins present in the alcoholic extract of both medicinal plants had therapeutic effects linked to antioxidant and antidiabetic properties, like lipid control, insulin secretion, and vasoprotective effects.
Conclusions: Based on analysis of secondary metabolites from leaf powder of Origanum vulgare and Ficus pandurata, further study is recommended to fully determine the usefulness of these plants as phyto-chemical additives in the diet of animals
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