Sistema inmune de camarones peneidos de cultivo: Una revisión
Resumen
Introducción: Con el aumento del cultivo intensivo del camarón, y el correspondiente incremento de la incidencia de enfermedades tanto virales como bacterianas, el estudio del sistema inmune es un tema que se le presta cada vez mayor atención en la acuicultura. Actualizar la información sobre los avances en la comprensión del sistema inmune de camarones, haciendo énfasis en camarones peneidos.
Desarrollo: El sistema inmune innato del camarón consta de elementos pasivos y activos, las barreras físicas y las ramas humoral-celular respetivamente. También en los últimos años se incorporó el término de respuesta inmune entrenada como otro elemento clave en la respuesta inmune frente a patógenos. Se destaca el avance en la formalización de clasificaciones de hemocitos en función de parámetros moleculares, el avance en la comprensión de repuesta antiviral a través de ARN de interferencia, la creación de bases de datos de nuevos péptidos antimicrobianos y la evaluación de actividades enzimáticas como moduladores de la respuesta inmune.
Conclusiones: La comprensión de los mecanismos que median la respuesta innata y entrenada, como las citosinas de camarón, permiten el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias para el control de enfermedades en el cultivo del camarón.
Palabras claves: Camarón, enfermedades, hemocitos, respuesta inmune (Fuente: MESH)
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