Growth as a premise for incorporation into the reproduction of the dairy heifer
Abstract
The objective was to define the dependence on the time of incorporation and the growth rate from birth to at least the first birth. 425 pairs of measurements were processed, average daily gain (gmd) as independent variable, weight and age of incorporation to reproduction, which were processed by the CurveExpert Software 1.34 (1993) using the inverse model Y = ai + bi / x + ci / x 2 for the European Holstein breed with adult weight between 550 and 600 kg. For intermediate Holstein-Cebu intermediate crosses, the values were adjusted for the genetic potentials of milk production, live weight and average daily gain (gmd); (adult live weight = 500 kg.), being processed by the same previous model. For the simulation process, optimal values of average daily gain (gmd = 500 gr./d) were used, which allows the female to be incorporated at 325 kg of live weight and at an age of 18.5 months that guarantees age at the first birth of 29 months, births not less than 85% and long productive life at intermediate crossings. The average daily gain (gmd) and birth rate varied from 500 to 275 gr, / d and from 85 to 45 gr. / d respectively. The main results show highly significant dependence p <0.001 (Inverse Model) for average daily gain (gmd), incorporation weight and age at incorporation, for European Holstein and Intermediate Crossings respectively. Weights of 300 kg at ages of 15 months when the adult weight is 500 kg., With gmd of 600 gr. / d until incorporation into reproduction. For average daily gain (gmd) of 500 gr. / d - weight of incorporation of 325 kg and age of 18.5 months (for intermediate crossings). All parameters of the functions found with R 2> 0.999 are shown in all cases. From the simulation study
losses of 3 and 4 births are deducted in 8 and 11 years of productive life, by varying the birth rate from 85% to 45% and the average daily gain (gmd) from 500 to 275 gr. / d. It concludes high dependence average daily gain (gmd) / weight - age incorporation; minimum average daily gain (gmd) of 500 gr is recommended. / d, so there is an urgent need to increase said actual average daily gain (gmd) from 325 - 370 gr. / d.
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