Non-specialized pig production in the cities of Camagüey and Ciego de Ávila. Technical, productive and health aspects

Abstract

The work was carried out in the head cities of the provinces of Camagüey and Ciego de Ávila, Cuba, on the results obtained in a survey of private pig producers. The data was processed by an analysis of proportions. The producers of both cities agreed that fattening is the largest activity they perform (72 and 64%); Creole pork is the one with the highest exploitation (66 and 52%); the breed of greatest exploitation is the Yorkshire (52 and 50%); the average breeding of more than 7 animals (24 and 44%); the duration of the fattening between 7 and 10 months (76 and 54%); the weight of pigs between 30 and 40 kg (26 and 34%); the age of onset of fattening between two or three months (56 and 72%). The weight at the end of the fattening was between 80 and 90 kg (54 and 54%). Among the diseases with the greatest presentation, parasitism (82 and 86%) and pneumonia (40 and 48%) were reported. 32 and 30% of the breeders diagnosed the diseases, where 14 and 6% did not apply treatments; they also did not use vaccines (28 and
10%), the most commonly used vaccine was cholera (54 and 88%). The breeding in pens (96 and 92%) predominated, with an average between 2 and 3 animals (68 and 66%). The largest source of water supply was obtained from the aqueduct (80 and 84%), and the largest dumping of waste was sewerage (86 and 74%). The greatest mortalities oscillated
between 1 and two animals (44 and 38%) for the cities of Ciego de Ávila and Camagüey, respectively. Waste
Cooking is used in more than 80% in both cities.